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風雲 +NOAA 氣象 衛星

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 樓主| 發表於 16-10-2010 22:18:06 | 顯示全部樓層
Channel         Frequency         Modulation         Power         Bandwidth
S-VISSR         1687.5 MHz         PCM/BPSK, NRZ-M         57 dBm         2 MHz
LR-Wefax         1691.0 MHz         AM/FM         57 dBm         260 kHz
S-Fax         1699.5 MHz         AM/FM         46 dBm         26 kHz
Table 3: Some downlink characteristics of FY-2A
FY-2 series communication: The FY-2 satellites broadcast their data to the ground, this includes S-VISSR, WEFAX and S-FAX data. S-VISSR data are received at MDUS, while WEFAX and S-Fax (domestic use only) data are retransmitted to SDUS stations only. The S-FAX link transmits processed satellite image data, other weather data and administrative information via S-band to domestic users in China.
Digital and cloud map transponder: Frequency: 1.7/2.0 GHz; EIRP (dBw) original cloud map and stretched cloud map: 57.5; EIRP (dBw) weather map broadcast: 46. The data rate of S-VISSR is 660 kbit/s, the modulation is: PCM/BPSK, NRZ-M, polarization: linear, bandwidth = 2 MHz. Since the signal characteristics of the S-VISSR instrument data are the same as those of the VISSR instrument of the Japanese GMS series (except the frequency), the user stations receiving GMS VISSR data are also capable of receiving S-VISSR data, simply by changing the antenna pointing and frequency of the receiver local oscillator.
 樓主| 發表於 16-10-2010 22:50:14 | 顯示全部樓層
Meteorological Satellite Frequencies
Last update : 21 July 2010 - COMS-1 HRIT & LRIT links

MTSAT 1R         GOES-N series         NOAA         TERRA
FY-2C&D         GOES-R Series         FY1
        AQUA
GMS 5         METEOSAT 5, 6 & 7         FY-3         AURA
SMS/GOES 1-3
         MSG-1         METEOR         NPP
GOES 4-7         ELEKTRO         DMSP
        NPOESS
GOES 8-12         COMS         METOP-1, -2 & -3        

Status of current and planned meteorological satellites - WMO/CGMS

MTSAT-1R Standby at 140° East, launched 26/2/2005
MTSAT-2  Operational 1 July 2010 at 145° East, launched 18/2/2006
Service         Downlink (MHz)         EIRP (+dBm)         Uplink (MHz)         Modulation         Notes
DCPI-1 Spare
DCPI-2 Common
DCPI-3 Regional
        468.875
468.883
468.924        
44.0         2034.925
2034.933
2034.974
       
PCM/BiØ-­L/PSK        
DCP Interrogation, 100 bps, ±60° MI
IMAGER         1677.0         3W        
        PCM/QPSK         2.62 Mbps
HiRID*
        1687.1         55.0         2029.1         PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK
        660 kbps
HRIT         1687.1         55.0         2029.1         PCM/NRZ-M/QPSK         3.5 Msps, 50% RRC
WEFAX*         1691.0         53.5         2033.0         AM/FM         2.4kHz SC, ΔF±126kHz, 260kHz BW
LRIT         1691.0         53.5         2033.0         PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK         150 ksps, 50% RRC
DCPR         1694.3-1694.7        
        402.0-402.4         PCM/PSK         33 international+100 regional chs @ 3kHz
CMD        
       
        2034.20         PCM(NRZ-L)/BPSK/PM         250 bps BPSK on 16 kHz SC, PM MI 1.0
TLM         1694.0         37.5 ±0.5        
        PCM/BiØ-L/PM         4800 bps TDM, ±60° MI.
8 bits/word, 256 word/minor frame,
32 minor frames/major frame.
Minor frame sync FAF320 hex, MSB first
USB CMD        
       
        2100.162        
       
USB TLM         2280.721         27.5        
       
       
Ku CMD        
       
        13.75-14.5 GHz        
       
Ku TLM         10.7-12.75 GHz        
       
       
       
MSAS GIC
PRN 129 and 137
        1575.42
11.69792 GHz
        43.0        
13.75792 GHz         BPSK
        GNSS Intergrity Channel 250 bps R½ FEC
GIC Ku Feeder
CNS/ATM         1545-1555        
        1646.5-1656.5        
        AMSS R,T,C & P AES<->S/C
Ku link         10.7-12.75 GHz        
        13.75-14.5 GHz        
        AMSS feeder & GES<->GMS/MRS
Ka link         17.7-21.20 GHz        
        27-31 GHz        
        AMSS feeder & GES<->GMS/MRS
MTSAT Technical Information
MTSAT Transponder Plan
*MTSAT HiRID and WEFAX services ceased on 12 March 2008

Feng Yun 2 series
FY-2 destroyed in fuelling accident before launch, 4 April 1994
FY-2A launched 10 June 1997, DBA failure April 1998, re-orbited April 2000
FY-2B launched 25 June 2000, reduced EIRP October 2001, re-orbited October 2004
FY-2C launched 19 October 2004, operational at  105° East
FY-2D launched 8 December 2006, operational at 86.5° East
FY-2E launched 23 December 2008, in-orbit testing at 123.5° East
FY-2F 2011
FY-2G 2013
Service         Downlink (MHz)         EIRP (+dBm)         Uplink (MHz)         Modulation         Notes
DCPI         468.860
468.866        
        2062.860
2062.866         PCM/PSK/PM
PCM/PSK/PM         DCP Interrogation
VISSR         1681.6        
       
        QPSK         14 Mbps
TARS 1         1684.5        
        2044.5         AM/PM          
TARS 2         1686.5        
        2046.5         AM/PM          
SV         1687.5         57         2047.5         PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK         660 kbps
MRS         1690.5        
        2050.5         AM/PM          
LRIT         1691.0         57         2051.0         CCSDS/NRZ-M/BPSK         150 kSps
CMD        
       
        2057.0         PCM/FSK-AM/FM          
TLM         1702.5         42        
        PCM/DPSK
FM/PM
FSK/PM
        32kHZ SCO,PCM tlm, 2000 bps NRZ-M, BPSK
75 kHz SCO - Sun Pulse
162-168 kHz SCO - Real Time Telemetry
DCPR Regional
DCPR Common
        1709.0-1709.4
1709.9-1710.0
       
        401.1-401.5
402.0-402.1
        PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK         165 ch @ 3kHz
33 ch @ 3kHz
S band CMD
       
       
        2095.08
2108.34
2099.50
       
       
S band TLM
        2275.20
2289.50
2280.00
       
       
       
       
C band TLM         4169.88
4192.02        
       
        PM
PM          
C Band CMD        
       
        5926.00
5964.88         FM
FM        

COMS - Korean Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite
COMS-1 (Chollian) 26 June 2010 at 128.2° East
COMS-2 2015 116.2° or 128.2° East
Service         Downlink
        EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
Meteorological Imager (MI)
        1687 MHz
       
       
       
        5 Channel (Vis, SWIR, WV, IR1, IR2)
10 bit data
Vis - 1 km resolution
IR - 4 km resolution
Full earth disk coverage in 25 mins
Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI)
        1687 MHz        
       
       
        8 vis channels, 412-865 nm,
11 bit data
Spatial resolution 500 x 500 m
Coverage- 2500 x 2500 km, centred on Korea
8 observations/day
Ka-band Transponder         18.3-20.7 GHz         58 dBW EOC         27.5-30.8 GHz        
        3 x 0.6° spot beams over Korea and China
4 x 100 MHz BW channels

       
       
       
       
       
HRIT         1695.400 MHz        
        2040.900 MHz
       
        Processed Data
LRIT         1692.140 MHz        
        2037.640 MHz        
        Processed Data

       
       
       
       
       
Telemetry
        2271.600 MHz        
       
       
        CCSDS TM
Command
       
       
        2091.765 MHz        
        CCSDS TC
Ranging
        2271.600 MHz        
        2091.765 MHz         Coherent PM
        ESA Tone Range, FDown/FUp ratio = 240/221


GMS series
GMS   Launched 14 July 1977
GMS-2 Launched 11 August 1981
GMS-3 Launched 3 August 1984
GMS-4 Launched 6 September 1989
GMS-5 Launched 21 March 1995, decommissioned 21 July 2005
Service
        Downlink (MHz)
        EIRP (+dBm)
        Downlink (MHz)
        Modulation
        Notes
DCPI Spare
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
        468.875
468.883
468.924        
46.0         2034.925
2034.933
2034.974        
PCM/PSK        
100 bps
VISSR         1681.6         56.5        
        QPSK         14 Mbps
MRS         1684.0         44.0         2026.0         AM/PM         200 KHz
SV         1687.1         56.5         2029.1         BPSK         660 Kbps
TARS 1         1688.2        
        2030.2         AM/PM         200 KHz
TARS 2         1690.2        
        2032.2         AM/PM         200 KHz
WEFAX         1691.0         56.5         2033.0         AM/FM         260kHz bandwidth
CMD        
       
        2034.2         PCM/FSK-AM/PM         128 bps
TLM         1694.0         40.0        
        PCM/PSK/PM,FM/PM,FSK/PM         250 bps
DCP Common
DCP Regional
        1694.3-1694.4
1694.4-1694.7
        34.0
34.0
        402.0-402.1
402.1-402.4
        PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK          33 ch @ 3kHz
100 ch @ 3kHz
SAR         1698.35         34.0         406.01-406.09         PCM/PSK          
USB CMD        
       
        2100.164         PCM/FSK-AM/PM          
USB RNG         2280.721         27.5         2100.164         AM/PM          
USB TLM         2280.721         27.5        
        PCM/PSK/PM,FM/PM,FSK/PM          

SMS series (Built by Philco-Ford with electronically despun antennas)
SMS-1  (SMS-A)  Launched 17 May 1974, deactivated 21 January 1981
SMS-2  (SMS-B)  Launched  6 February 1975, deactivated 5 August 1981
GOES-1 (GOES-A) Launched 16 October 1975, deactivated 3 February 1985
GOES-2 (GOES-B) Launched 16 June 1977, deactivated 26 January 1979, used by NSF from 1995 to May 2001
GOES-3 (GOES-C) Launched 10 June 1978, deactivated 5 March 1981, now used by NSF for Antarctic comms at 102°W
Service         Downlink (MHz)         EIRP (+dBm)         Uplink (MHz)         Modulation         Notes
DCP Interrogate
        468.825
        43.9
        2034.9
        PCM/PSK         100 bps, Coded Address and Timecode
VISSR         1681.6         58.8
       
        QPSK         Mode 1 28 Mbps 8 &#189; nm Vis + 2 IR
Mode 2 14 Mbps 4 1 nm Vis + 2 IR
Stretched VISSR
        1687.1         57.3
        2029.1         BPSK         Mode A &#189; nm Vis 1.75 Mbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode B 1 nm Vis  437 kbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode C 4 nm Vis  33.3 kbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode D 4x2nm 525kbps+4x4 nm IR only 33.3k
WEFAX         1691.0         57.3
        2033.0         AM/FM         Video fmax 1.6kHz, AM Subcarrier 2.4 khz,
FM deviation (ΔF) ±26kHz, IF BW 60 kHz
Ranging
        1684.0
1688.2
1690.2
       
        2026.0
2030.2
2032.2
        AM/PM
        TRRR MRS at CDAS, Wallops Island, Va.
TARSs at Ascension Island, Santiago, Ouha, Hawaii & Seattle.
136.38
       
        148.56
       
        NASA STADAN VHF GRARR
Command                             2034.2         PCM/FSK-AM/PM         Three tone, modified OGO encoder

       
        148.56
        PCM/FSK-AM/PM
Telemetry         1694.0         44.9

                  PCM/Bi&#216;-M/PM
FM/PM


FSK/PM         PCM: 64 9-bits word at 188 bps
IRIG-B: Sun Pulse and Angle, command execute verfication, selected earth sensor
Gated 70 kHz Sun Pulse
136.38
        8W  normal
2W  eclipse
       
        PCM/Bi&#216;-M/PM
FM/PM

FM/PM

        PCM: 64 9-bits word at 188 bps
IRIG-12: Nutation sensor, Thruster valve activation, ABM ignition verfication
IRIG-B: Sun Pulse and Angle, command execute verfication, selected earth sensor
DCP Report         1694.5
         17.1/ch         401.90
        PCM/PSK         33 3kHz & 200 1.5kHz DCP channels over ± 200 kHz band
Synchronous Meteorological Satellite System Description Document, Volumes 1 & 2, NASA GSFC, Oct 1971
Central Processing and Analysis of Geostaionary Satellite Data, NOAA TM NESS 64, March 1975

GOES D-H series (Built by Hughes with mechanically de-spun S-band and UHF antennas)
GOES-4 (GOES-D) Launched 9 September 1980, deactived 26 November 1982
GOES-5 (GOES-E) Launched 22 May 1981, deactivated 30 July 1984
GOES-6 (GOES-F) Launched 28 April 1983, deactivated 21 January 1986
GOES-G          Launch failure 3 May 1986
GOES-7 (GOES-H) Launched 26 Feb 1987, decommissioned 11 Jan 1996 now used by PEACESAT at 175°W
Service         Downlink (MHz)         EIRP (+dBm)         Uplink (MHz)         Modulation         Notes
DCPI Spare
DCPI (GOES-W)
DCPI (GOES-E)         468.8125
468.8250
468.8375        
        2034.8625
2034.8750
2034.8875        
PCM/PSK          
SAR
       
       
        406
       
       
VAS         1681.6        
       
        QPSK         28/14 Mbps
MRS         1684.0        
        2026.0         AM/PM          
TARS 1         1688.2        
        2030.2         AM/PM          
TARS 2         1690.2        
        2032.2         AM/PM          
Stretched VAS         1687.1        
        2029.1         BPSK         Mode AA 8x6b Vis + 2x10b IR @ 1.75 Mbps
Mode AAA 11 blocks @ 2.11 Mbps
WEFAX         1691.0        
        2033.0         AM/FM          
CMD                             2034.2                    
TLM         1694.0                                        
DCP Common         1694.3-1694.4                   402.0-402.1         PCM/PSK         33 ch @ 3 kHz
DCP Regional         1694.4-1694.7                   402.1-402.4         PCM/PSK         200 ch @ 1.5 kHz

GOES I-M series (Space Systems Loral, three axis stabilized)

GOES-8  (GOES-I) Launched 13 April 1994, decommissioned  5 May  2004
GOES-9  (GOES-J) Launched 23 May 1995, decommissioned 14 June 2007
GOES-10 (GOES-K) Launched 25 April 1997, currently GOES-South America at 60° West
GOES-11 (GOES-L) Launched 3 May 2000, currently GOES-West at 135° West
GOES-12 (GOES-M) Launched 23 July 2001, currently GOES-East at 75° West
Service         Downlink (MHz)         EIRP (+dBm)         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
DCPI (Spare)
DCPI (GOES-W)
DCPI (GOES-E)         468.8125
468.8250
468.8375        
45.4 RHCP
        2034.8875
2034.9000
2034.9125        
PCM/SP-C/PSK         100 bps Interrogation
Time Code ceased 31/7/2005
SAR         1544.5         45.4 RHCP
        406.025 & .050         PCM/PSK         400 bps
SENSOR DATA         1676.0         47.3 Lin
                  NRZ-S/UAQPSK
I = 6 dB         I : Imager 2.62 Mbps
Q : Sounder 40 Kbps
MDL         1681.48         45.2 Lin
                  NRZ-S/UAQPSK
I = 6 dB         (GOES-I & K) I : ADM 32 kbps TDM
(GOES-M onwards) Q : SXI 100 kbps CCSDS
PDR
        1685.7         54.9 Lin
        2027.7         PCM/NRZ-S/BPSK         GVAR 12 blocks @ 2.11 Mbps
EMWIN         1690.6         44.4 Lin
        2032.6         AFSK         1200 bps (dis-continued)
EMWIN-I         1690.725         44.4 Lin
        2032.725         BPSK         9600 bps FEC
LRIT
        1691.0
        48.2 Lin
        2033.0
        PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK
        293 ksps, encoded CADUs at 128 kbps
WEFAX
        1691.0         54.4 Lin
        2033.0         AM/FM         26 kHz IF BW (WEFAX ceased Oct 2005)
CMD                             2034.2         PCM/BPSK/PM          250 bps PSK on 16 kHz sc
TLM         1694.0         28.9 Lin
                  PCM/Bi&#216;-&#173;L/PM         2000 bps
±60°PM mod index 1 rad
8 bits/word; 128 word/minor frame
Minor frame sync FAF320 hex, MSB first
DCPR Pilot
DCPR Band 1
DCPR Band 2         1694.45
1694.5 to
1694.8         33.7 RHCP
        401.85
401.9 to
402.2        
        AFC reference for DCP demodulation
233 ch 100 bps PCM/PSK
DSN-A Normal
DSN-B Dwell         2209.086
2208.586         24.5 RHCP
24.5 RHCP
                 
        2000 bps PCM/Bi&#216;-&#173;L/BPSK/PM on 1.024 MHz SC
DSN ranging         2209.086         17.2         2034.2                   PM ranging tones

GOES N,O,P series (Boeing, three axis stabalized)

GOES-13 (GOES-N) 24 May 2006
GOES-14 (GOES-O) 27 June 2009
GOES-15 (GOES-P) 4 February 2010
Service
        Downlink (MHz)
        EIRP (+dBm)
        Uplink
        Modulation
        Notes
DCPI
        468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
        45.5
RHCP
        2034.8875
2034.9000
2034.9125        
PCM/SP-C/PSK         100 bps Interrogation
±60° PSK
SAR
        1544.5
        45
RHCP
        406.050
406.025
        PCM/Bi&#216;-L/PM
        400 bps 1.1±0.1 MI
Sensor Data
        1676.0
        ?
Linear NS
       
        QPSK
4:1
        Imager 2.62 Mbps
Sounder 40 kbps
MDL
        1681.478
        ?
Linear NS
       
        QPSK
        SXI
ADS
PDR
        1685.7
        ?
Linear NS
       
        BPSK
        2.11 Mbps GVAR
EMWIN-N
        1692.7
        44.8 Linear
        2034.7
        PCM/NRZ-L/OQPSK
        35940 ksps, 19200 bps CCSDS coding
LRIT
        1691.0
        ?
Linear NS
       
        PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK
        293 kbps coded
CDA Command
       
       
        2034.2
        PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
        2000 bps 16 khz subcarrier, 1 rad PM
CDA Telemetry
        1694.0
        ?
Linear NS
       
        PCM/Bi&#216;-&#173;L/PM         4000 bps operational
1000 bps contingentcy
DCPR
domestic
international
       
1694.5
1694.8
        46
Linear NS
        401.9±0.2
402.2±0.2         100 bps - ±60° PSK
300 bps - 8PSK
1200 bps - 8PSK
        1.5 kHz channel - 100 and 300 bps
3.0 kHz channels  - 1200 bps
DSN Telemetry
        2209.086
        ?
Omni
       
        PCM/Bi&#216;-L/BPSK/PM
        4000 bps operational
1000 bps contingentcy
1024 kHz subcarrier
1 rad PM MI
DSN Ranging
        2209.086
       
        2034.2
       
        Phase Coherent ratio of 240/221
DSN Command
       
       
        2034.2
        PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK/PM         2000 bps 16 khz subcarrier, 1 rad PM

GOES-R series. (December 2014)
Service
        Downlink (MHz)
        EIRP (+dBm)
        Uplink (MHz)
        Modulation
        Notes
DCPI (Spare)
DCPI (GOES-E)
DCPI (GOES-W)
        468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
        43
RHCP
        2034.8125
2034.8250
2034.8375
        BPSK
        2400 bps
SAR
        1544.5
       
        406
       
       
GRB
GOES ReBroadcast
        1690.2
        ?
Dual circular polarization
        7512.5
        GMSK
        17 to 24 Mbps
Bandwidth 12 MHz
EMWIN
        1695.7
        43 Linear
        2037.7
        NRZ-L/OQPSK
        256 bps R1/2 RS (255,233, 4)
LRIT
        1696.4
        Linear NS
        2048.2
        NRZ-M/QPSK
        585 ksps, 256 kbps
DCPR
        1697.5
1697.8
        Linear NS
        401.9
402.2
        8PSK
        300 or 1200 bps, Trellis coded
Telemetry
L-band
        1672.0
1673.0
       
       
        NRZ-M
        32 kbps - on orbit mode
4 kbps - safe hold made
FEC Rate 7/8 and RS (252, 220, 4)
USB Telemetry

        2209.086
       
       
        NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
        32 kbps - on orbit mode
4 kbps - safe hold mode
FEC R7/8, RS(252,220,4)
BPSK on 1024 kHz sub-carrier
PM MI 1 radian
USB Command

       
       
Linear NS
        2034.2
        NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
        1000 bps - safe hold mode
32 kbps - on-orbit mode
?? Kbps - ABI/HES memory upload
CLTU 64 bit 56 data + 8 bit BCH FEC
BPSK on 16 kHz sub-carrier
USB Ranging
        2209.086
       
        2034.2
       
        221/240 frequency ratio

ELEKTRO N1 (GOMS) Launched 31 October 1994, decommissioned at 76.5° East
Service         Downlink (MHz)
        EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
STR+HGI (raw)         1685.0 & 7465.0        
       
       
        2.56 Mbps
WEFAX         1691.0        
        2115 & 8155        
        AM/FM or 1200 bps
DCPR         1697.0 & 7482.0        
        401-403        
        100 bps 33 int/100 reg
DCPI         469        
        2119        
       
RPC         7465.0        
        8190        
        0.96 Mbps

METEOSAT series
Meteosat-5 63° E
Meteosat-6 10° W
Meteosat-7 57° E
Service         Downlink (MHz)
        EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
        468.875
468.925
       
        2097.975
2098.025
       
       
RAW         1686.33                             2.7 Mbps PCM(SPL)/PM          
WEFAX         1691.0
1694.5
       
        2101.5
2105.0
        AM/FM
AM/FM
       
HR DIGITAL (A1)
HR DIGITAL (A2)
        1691.0
1694.5
        +50.5
+49.0
        2101.5
2105.0
        166 Kbps PCM(SPL)/PM
166 Kbps PCM(SPL)/PM
       
MDD CH 1
MDD CH 2
MDD CH 3
MDD CH 4
        1695.6438
1695.7250
1695.7562
1695.7874
       
       
        PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
       
DCPR Common
DCPR Regional         1675.18-1675.28
1675.28-1675.38                   402.0-402.1
402.1-402.2         PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 kHz
PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 kHz          
CMD                             2098.0         PSK/AM/FM          
TLM         1675.929
1676.180
                            PSK/PM          
RNG         1691.0
1694.5
                  2242.6                    

MSG (Meteosat Second Generation)
Meteosat-8 Launched 28/08/2002
Meteosat-9 Launched 21/12/2005
Meteosat-10 ?
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
        468.875
468.925
       
        2097.975
2098.025
       
        TBC
TBC
SEVIRI & GERB         1686.33        
       
        PCM/SPL/PM         3.2 Mbps
HRIT         1695.15         +49.4         2106.0         PCM/NRZ-L/QPSK         2.24 Mbps
LRIT         1691.00         +46.7         2101.5         PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK         290 Kbps
DCPR Common
DCPR Regional         1675.18-1675.28
1675.28-1675.38        
        402.0-402.1
402.1-402.2         PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK         33 ch @ 3 KHz TBC
33 ch @ 3 KHz TBC
CMD        
       
        2098.0
2242.6         PSK/AM/FM         TBC
TLM         1675.929
1676.180
                            PSK/PM         TBC
RNG         1691.0
1694.5
       
       
       
        TBC
The LRIT and HRIT service include the MDD and DC&R service
The LRIT and HRIT services are not operational on Meteosat-8 due to SSPA failures - Replaced by EUMETSATCast

Polar Meteorological Satellite Frequencies

DMSP Operational Scanline System (OLS) + up to 12 Special Sensors
Uplink         1791.749 MHz (TT&C command uplink) SGLS channel 8 , 256:205 coherent phase ratio with EST downlink
Downlinks         2207.5 MHz
2222.5 MHz
2237.5 MHz EST
2252.5 MHz
2267.5 MHz
400.328 MHz RDS service only
400.822 MHz RDS service only
Services         All services are encrypted but RTD transmitted in the clear south of 60 degress South latitude.
SDF, SDS and EST are transmitted only when over CRS.

RTD (Real Time Data) 1.024 Mbps BPSK one channel fine (0.3 nm) and one channel smooth (1.5 nm)
RDS (Realtime Data Smooth) 177.5 kbps BPSK Thermal and Light Smooth data Rate 1/2 Convolution Encoded
SDF (Stored Data, Fine) 1.3312 Mbps Limited storage for tactical use
SDS (Stored Data, Fine) 2.6624 Mbps Multi-orbit strategic global storage Transmitted as RDS
EST (Equipment Status Telemetry) 2, 10 or 60 kbps PSK

FY-1 A & B         CHRPT - 1695.50 or 1704.50 MHz
APT - 137.035 or 137.795 MHz
FY-1 C & D         CHRPT - 1700.4 and 1704.5 MHz at +39.4 dBm RHCP (10 channels at 1.3308 Mbps)Global coverage
CDPT - Delayed Picture Transmission 4 channels at 4 km res on 1708.5 and 1695.5 MHz (Over China only)
APT not available from FY-1C or D
FY-1C destroyed by a anti-satellite missle test in Jan 2007

FY-3 series
FY-3A launched 27 May 2008
FY-3B 2010, FY-3C 2013, FY-3D 2015, FY-3E 2017, FY-3F 2019, FY-3G 2021
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
HRPT
High Resolution Picture Transmission
Global coverage
        1704.5         41 dBm
       
        QPSK
2.8 Msym/sec
        4.2 Mbps R3/4 CCSDS
MPT
Mission Picture Transmission
Program controlled coverage
Transparent or Encrypted modes
        7775
        46 dBm
       
        QPSK
        18.7 Mbps R1/2 CCSDS
DPT
Delayed Picture Transmission
Over China only
        8145.95
       
       
        QPSK
        93 Mbps. R 3/4 Replayed of stored orbit data
Command         2025-2110
       
       
       
       
Telemetry        
       
        2200-2290
       
       
Ranging         2025-2110        
        2200-2290        
       
Reference: Aijun Zhu, NMSC CMA, 2006 Direct Broadcast Meeting, Poster

Meteor 2-21
Resurs O1-N4
Meteor 3-5         VIS APT only on 137.15, 137.30, 137.40 or 137.85 MHz
None of these spacecraft are currently operating
Meteor-M N1
Launched 17 September 2009
        HRPT - 1700 MHz 665 kbps PSK, CCSDS-like 256 byte packet, 4 byte ASM,  6 byte header,  244 bytes of 10-bit data, 2 byte PEC.  No PN code.
LRPT - 137.10 MHz 72 ksps QPSK, Rate &#189;, k=7, CCSDS, SCID=0, VCID=5, 3 of APID=64-69 (MSU-MR ch 1-5) + 70 (cal).

NOAA-D (12)
NOAA-I (13) NOAA Failure Report
NOAA-J (14)
NOAA-KLM(15,16,17)
NOAA-N & N' (18 and 19)
Downlinks

        Current         Future
TELEMETRY
Beacon         136.77
137.77         137.35 from NOAA-15
137.77
APT         137.50
137.62         137.1000 from NOAA-18
137.9125 from NOAA-18
ADCS TXU - DCP command or
interrogate transmitter
       
        465.9875 on NOAA-N'

HRPT         1698.0 up to NOAA-N'
1707.0 up to NOAA-N'
        1700.0 from NPOESS
1706.5 from NPOESS
LAC/GAC         1698.0 up to NOAA-N'
1702.5 up to NOAA-N'
1707.0 up to NOAA-N'         1700.0 from NPOESS
7450-8400 from NPOESS
1706.5 from NPOESS
SAR         1544.5          
TELEMETRY
BOOST         2247.5 (from NOAA-15)
Launch boost phase telemetry transmission from TIP at 16.64 Kbps        
Uplinks
COMMAND         148.56 (to N-14)
1000 bps Ternary FSK/AM (8, 10 & 12 KHz subcarriers)
        2026.0 (from NOAA-15)
DCS         401.65          
SARR         121.5, 243.0 & 406.05          Only 406 MHz supported
SARP         406.025          from 1 Februay 2009

METOP series.
METOP-A Launched 19 October 2006
METOP-B (April 2011)
METOP-C (October 2016)
AHRPT
        Convolutional coding
Modulation
RF Bandwidth
RF Symbol Rate
Bit Rate
RF frequency         R=3/4, k=7, no G.2 path symbol inversion
QPSK, Gray code
4.5 MHz
2.33 MSymbols per second
3.5 Mbps at CVCDU level
1701.3000 MHz(Primary)& 1707.0 MHz(Secondary)
LRPT         Convolutional coding
Differential coding interleaving
Modulation
RF Symbol Rate
RF Bandwidth
Bit Rate
RF frequency         R=1/2, k=7, no G.2 path symbol inversion
64 branches, elementary delay is 256
QPSK Gray encoded, square root raised cosine filtering, alpha = 0.6
80 kSymbols per second
150 kHz
75 kbps at CVCDU level
137.1000 MHz(Primary) & 137.9125 MHz(Secondary)
Science
Data         X-band to Svalbard (N) only         70 Mbps QPSK at 7750-7900 MHz band
Command
        2053.4 MHz         2000 bps NRZ/PSK/PM
Telemetry
        2230.0 MHz         4096 bps SP-L/PSK/PM
METOP-A AHRPT Direct Readout Technical Description Document TD18
AHRPT on only over Europe and North Alantic Ocean
LRPT A-side transmitter failed soon after launch, B-side transmitter has been off since 25/1/2007 due to RFI with HIRS/4 instrument.

TERRA (EOS AM-1) Launched 18 December 1999
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
DB - Direct
Broadcast         8212.5         I:33
Q:42
RHCP        
        NRZ-M
OQPSK I = 1:4         I: un-supported.
Q: Convolutional encoded
MODIS CADUs 13.125 Mbps
SMD - Science Mission Data         15 GHz        
       
        OQPSK I:Q = 1:1         150 Mbps primary downlink via TDRSS HGA
2 x 75 Mbps, bit-interleaved on I & Q
Telemetry         2287.5        
       
        PCM/NRZ-M/Bi&#216;-S/PSK/PM



PCM/NRZ-M/Bi&#216;-S/PM


PCM/NRZ-M/Bi&#216;-S/PM         16 Kbps Real Time HouseKeeping CVCDUs
PSK (&#223; 0.8) on 1.024 MHz sub carrier
PM (&#223; 1.0) on RF carrier

16 Kbps SCC Dump
PM (&#223; 1.0) on RF carrier

256 or 512 Kbps Playback of stored HK
PM (&#223; 1.0) on RF carrier
Command Primary TDRSS SSA to HGA        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM         1K or 10Kbps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Command Backup  PGS to Omni        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM         2000 bps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Command
Contingency
TDRSS SSA to Omni        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM         125 bps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Ranging         2287.5        
        2106.40625        
        240/221 Phase Coherent
Command and Telemetry from/to TDRSS (Primary), 11.3m Polar Ground Stations (Backup) (Fairbanks, Alaska and Longyearbyen, Svalbard) or Wallops Is (contingency) via spacecraft Zenith and Nadir Omni antennae
Convolutional Encoding - CCSDS parameters: R=&#189; k=7, G2 inverted
CADUs are CCSDS VDCU with Reed-Solomon Error Correction (255,233,4)
CLTU CCSDS Command Link Transmission Unit
HGA High Gain Antenna
TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
SSA S-band Single Access
SMA S-band Multiple Access
KSA Ku-band Single Access: R=&#189; k=7, G2 inverted
CADU are CCSDS VDCU with Reed-Solomon Error Correction (255,233,4)
CLTU CCSDS Command Link Transmission Unit

AQUA (EOS PM-1) Launched 4 May 2002
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
DB
Direct
Broadcast         8160.0         >44
RHCP        
        SQPSK
I:Q = 1:1
        I: 7.5 Msps
Q: 7.5 Msps
15 Mbps NRZ-L RS encoded CCSDS bit interleaved on I and Q
SMD Playback
        8160.0         44
RHCP
       
        SQPSK         150 Mbps(over PGS)
Telemetry to PGS/WGS
Primary         2287.5        
       
        QPSK         I: LRC Low Rate Channel
16.384 Kbps RT HK
Q: HRC High Rate channel
524.288 kbps PB HK, controller data dump or fill
Telemetry to TDRSS Secondary         2287.5        
       
        QPSK         1.024 (MA) or 4.096 kbps (SSA) RT HK Convolut. encoded, RS coded NRZ-L CCSDS same data on I & Q recombined on ground to increase link margin
Command via PGS Primary        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM
        2000 bps BPSK on 16KHz sub carrier
PM MI ±1rad
Command via SN Secondary        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM         125 (MA)/250/500/1000 bps (SSA) BPSK on 16kHz sub carrier
PM MI ±1rad
Ranging         2287.5        
        2106.40625        
        240/221 Phase Coherent

AURA (EOS-Chem) Launched 15 July 2004
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
SMD (Playback)
        8160.0        
       
        SQPSK         150 Mbps CCSDS NRZ-M (over PGS only)
Command        
       
        2106.40625         PCM/BPSK/PM         2000 bps BPSK on 16 kHz sub carrier, PM (±1rad)
Telemetry         2287.5        
       
       
        16.384 and or 524.288 kbps
Ranging         2287.5        
        2106.40625        
        240/221 Phase Coherent

NPP (23 September 2011)
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
SMD to PGS
    to TDRSS         8212.5
15003.4                             SQPSK
SQPSK         300 Mbps
150 Mbps
HRD DB
High Rate Data
Direct  Broadcast         7812.0         42.8
RHCP        
        QPSK
I:Q = 1:1         15 Mbps NRZ-M Viterbi Compression
I = G1, Q = Inverted G2, K=7, R=&#189;
Telemetry
PGS Primary         2247.5        
       
       
        1 kbps RT Critical
4 kbps RT H&S
16 & 32 kbps RT HK
512 kbps PB HK
Telememtry
TDRSS Secondary         2247.5        
       
       
        1 kbps RT Critical
4 kbps RT H&S
16 kbps RT H&S
Command
PGS Primary        
       
        2067.270833        
        2000 bps or 128 kbps
Command
TDRSS Secondary        
       
        2067.270833        
        125 bps or 1000 bps
GSFC 429-01-07-01 November 9 2001
NPP CDRL 040 2003 September 30 (Ball Aerospace and Technologies Commercial Space Operations)

NPOESS series (NPOESS-C1 5/2014, -C2 5/2016, -C3 2020 & -C4 2022)
Service         Downlink         EIRP         Uplink         Modulation         Notes
SMD Science Mission Data         25,650        
       
        150 Mbps         To 15 World-wide 'SafetyNet' Ground Stations
HRD High Rate Data Direct Broadcast         7834        
RHCP
       
        SQPSK
I:Q = 1:1
SRRC 0.5
        20 Mbps CCSDS  Full SMD from CMIS, CriS & VIIRS
LRD Low Rate Data Direct Broadcast         1707.0        
RHCP
       
        SQPSK NRZ-M
I:Q = 1:1
SRRC 0.5
        3.88 MSps (7.76 Mbps) AHRPT/CCSDS format
I = G1, Q = Inverted G2, K=7, R=&#189;
Subset of CMIS, CriS & VIIRS SMD
Telemetry         2245.0        
       
       
        GN USB 1, 4 or 16 kbps RT, 512 kbps PB
SN S-band 1, 4 or 16 kbps RT
Command        
       
        2067.3        
        GN S-band 2 or 100 kbps
SN S-band 125 or 1000 bps
NPOESS Direct Readout HRD and LRD RF link characteristics (Wolejsza, March 2008)
 樓主| 發表於 19-10-2010 02:17:14 | 顯示全部樓層
Digital weather satellites.
NOAA polar satellites transmit APT (low resolution: 4km) and HRPT (max. 1km resolution)

Meteosat (Meteosat 7 and earlier) geostationar satellites transmits WEFAX (APT, low resolution) and HRI (PDUS, high resolution). NOTE: Meteosat 7 will terminate direct transmissions december 2005!

Meteosat new generation (Meteosat 8 and later) geostationar satellites transmits LRIT and HRIT

Seastar is a polar satellite transmitting HRPT only, with 8 channels. Amount of horizontal pixels is lowered from 2048 to 1288, to get the 8 channels into 1 HRPT frame.
With Seastar true-colored pictures can be received. Unfortunately, Seastar is currently encrypted.

Fengyun are Chinese satellitse, transmitting 10 channels HRPT. Transmit speed is twice HRPT rate; all 10 channels have same amount of pixels/resolution as NOAA's HRPT.
With Fengyun more or less true-colored pictures can be constructed.
 樓主| 發表於 27-10-2010 16:29:09 | 顯示全部樓層
Weather satellite pictures are often broadcast as High Resolution Picture Transmissions (HRPT), Color High Resolution Picture Transmissions (CHRPT) for Chinese Weather Satellite transmissions or Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmissions (AHRPT) for EUMETSAT Weather Satellite transmissions. HRPT transmissions are available around the world and are available from both polar and geostationary weather satellites. The polar satellites rotate in orbits that allow each location on earth to be covered by the weather satellite twice per day while the geostationary satellites remain in one location at the equator taking weather images of the earth from that location over the equator. The sensor on weather satellites that picks up HRPT is referred to as an Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR).[1]

Broadcast Signal
The working frequency band for HRPT is L Band at 1,670-1,710 MHz and the modulation types are BPSK and QRSK.[2] On NOAA KLM satellites the transmission power is 6.35 Watts at 38.03 dBm.[3] The METOP-A satellite broadcasts with a bandwidth of 4.5 MHz.[4]

[edit] Reception
In order to receive HRPT transmissions a high gain antenna is required, such as a small satellite dish, a helical antenna, or a crossed yagi. Basic reception equipment includes a parabolic dish antenna attached to a Azimuth-Elevation unit. The HRPT signal is further enhanced with a 1.7GHz pre-amplifier. An HRPT receiver unit and a dish tracking controller are required to steer the Azimuth-Elevation unit controlling the parabolic dish.[5] Free software such as the DWDSAT HRPT Viewer V1.1.0 is available to decode the transmissions.[6] The weather satellite transmissions are on 5 channels for HRPT or 10 channels for CHRPT.[7] The NOAA satellites have a resolution capability of 1.1 km.[8]
[edit] Satellite Status
NOAA Polar Satellites transmitting HRPT Weather images
Satellite Name        Frequency
NOAA-15        1702.5 MHz
NOAA-16        1702.5 MHz
NOAA-17        1698.0 MHz
NOAA-18        1707.0 MHz
NOAA-19        1698.0 MHz[9]

NOAA Geostationary Satellites transmitting HRPT Weather images
Satellite Name        Frequency
GOES-12 (GOES-East)[10]
1685.7 MHz[11]

GOES-11 (GOES-West)[12]
1685.7 MHz[13]

EUMETSAT Polar Satellite transmitting AHRPT Weather images
Satellite Name        Frequency
Metop-A        1701.3 MHz[14]

The Chinese Polar Satellite transmitting CHRPT Weather images
Satellite Name        Frequency
Feng Yun FY-1D        1700.5 MHz (1700.4 MHz actual)[15]

The Chinese Geostationary Satellites transmitting CHRPT weather images
Satellite Name        Frequency
Feng Yun FY-2D[16]
?
Feng Yun FY-2E[17]
?
[edit] Notes and references
1.        ^ http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/avhrr.html
2.        ^ http://www.scanex.ru/en/stations ... p;id=specifications
3.        ^ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/pod- ... /html/c4/sec4-1.htm
4.        ^ http://www.eumetsat.int/idcplg?I ... thod=LatestReleased
5.        ^ http://www.time-step.com/products_hrpt.htm
6.        ^ http://www.satsignal.eu/software/dwdhrptviewer.1.1.0.zip
7.        ^ http://www.rig.org.uk/reception.htm
8.        ^ http://www.space.cetin.net.cn/docs/ht0105/ht010502.htm
9.        ^ http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/status.html
10.        ^ http://www.ghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/goesprod/
11.        ^ http://homepage.ntlworld.com/phqfh1/status.htm
12.        ^ http://www.oso.noaa.gov/goesstat ... y.asp?spacecraft=11
13.        ^ http://homepage.ntlworld.com/phqfh1/status.htm
14.        ^ http://www.eumetsat.int/idcplg?I ... Name=pdf_td18_metop
15.        ^ http://directory.eoportal.org/presentations/7148/10061.html
16.        ^ http://satellite.cma.gov.cn/eng/
17.        ^ http://nsmc.cma.gov.cn/item/cent ... mber=20091124191539
 樓主| 發表於 26-11-2010 11:02:28 | 顯示全部樓層
NOAA 18 Spacecraft Status Summary
________________________________________
Spacecraft Mission Data


Spacecraft Letter:        N         International Designation:        2005018A         Catalog Number:        28654
Launch Date:        05/20/2005         Operational Date:        08/30/2005         Operational Status:        PM Secondary
                                       
                                       
Notes:        JD 230/2010 - During a pass @ 18:16z the NOAA-18's MHS was commanded back to Scan mode.

GAC:        YES         HRPT:        Yes         STX-3/HSB         1707.0 MHz
LAC:        YES         APT:        Yes         VTX-2         137.9125 MHz

LTAN:        14:03:20        Inclination Angle:        98.74(Deg)         Altitude:        854(Km)
                 Precession Rate:        +1.6(min/month)          Period:        102.12(minutes)
0 noaa18-2010=11-26.jpg
發表於 3-12-2010 15:53:46 | 顯示全部樓層
本帖最後由 VR2UIO 於 8-12-2010 04:11 PM 編輯

Partial image from NOAA18 on 2010 Dec 03 at 13:45

NOAA18_2010_12_03_1345.jpg

NOAA18_2010_12_03.jpg
 樓主| 發表於 7-12-2010 01:08:16 | 顯示全部樓層
氣象衛星

    氣象和人類的生存密切相關。一場暴雨或一次颱風沒有及時預報,就會摧毀一年的收成,甚至危及人們的生命。航行的船艦和飛機,沒有氣象預報的保證,後果更是不堪設想。
我國勞動人民從生產鬥爭的實踐中,很早就學會了從觀天察地中來推測未來天氣變化的本領。以後,氣球和無線電探測儀器的出現,特別是現代的氣象火箭把氣象儀器送到了幾百公里的高空,使氣象觀測前進了一大步。但是,無論用氣球、無線電設備,還是用氣象火箭進行氣象觀測,都有局限性。例如,氣球只能探測低空的氣象狀況;氣象火箭只能得到一個地區短時間的氣象資料。此外,用氣球或氣象火箭進行氣象觀測還受到地理條件的限制,許多人跡未到的地方的氣象很難進行探測。
    氣象衛星的出現就彌補了上面所說的這些氣象觀測方法的不足。近地氣象衛星離地面的高度一般在800公里左右。氣象衛星上裝有電視攝像機。它能夠拍攝全球的雲圖。以前,我們只能從下往上拍攝雲圖,由於上層雲被下層雲遮住,所以往往拍攝不到上層雲。有了氣象衛星,就可以從上往下拍攝雲圖。
    氣象衛星上還裝有掃描輻射計。掃描輻射計的探頭,能敏感地探到一定波段的電磁輻射。當它對雲層和大氣掃描時,就能記下雲層和大氣在各個波段可見光、紅外、微波的輻射強度,轉變成電信號以後,通過無線電波發送給地面。地面站接收以後,經過電腦處理,就可以得到雲的形狀、雲頂高度,大氣溫度和濕度,海面溫度和冰雹覆蓋面積等。
把氣象衛星獲得的氣象資料跟其他探測方法獲得的氣象資料一起進行綜合分析後,就可以準確地預報天氣。
    自1960年美發射"泰羅斯1號"第一顆氣象衛星以來,世界上發射了許多類型的氣象衛星,至今,美國和蘇聯已經發射了100多顆氣象衛星。
    70'年代中期,根據世界氣象組織和國際科學協會制定的"全球大氣研究計畫",由美國、歐洲、日本和蘇聯發射各種氣象衛星,組成全球氣象衛星觀測網。觀測網由五顆地球同步軌道氣象衛星和兩顆離地面800∼900公里高度的極軌道氣象衛星組成。5顆地球同步軌道氣象衛星的位置為 0。、東經140°和70°、西經75°和135°,分別由歐洲空間局、日本和美國發射。
    1977年發射的位於東經140"赤道上空的日本靜止氣象衛星能觀測從東經8°到西經 160°,南、北緯各 5°的廣大地區,包括太平洋、印度洋東部、東亞大陸和大洋洲。我國也在日本靜止氣象衛星的觀測範圍內。我國已經研製成接收裝置,接收日本靜止氣象衛星的雲圖,用於我國的天氣預報。
日本發射第一顆靜止氣象衛星以後,又相繼發射了3顆靜止氣象衛星,其中1984和1989年發射的兩顆衛星目前正在工作中。兩顆衛星的品質分別為304公斤和325公斤。
    我國於1988年9月首次發射太陽同步軌道試驗氣象衛星"風雲一號"。"風雲一號"衛星軌道高度900公里,軌道傾角99°,衛星品質為 750公斤,星體呈盒子形,高回1.76米。星體兩側各有一塊太陽電池翼,翼展寬8.6米。太陽電池翼上共貼有 2 X 2平方釐米的矽太陽電池 14256片。衛星上裝有可見光和紅外輻射計,工作夜 5個波段,其中1個波段為紅外,其餘4個波段均在可見光範圍內。可以日夜觀測雲層、陸地和海面溫度等。輻射計獲得的圖像地面中心解析度為1.l公里,邊緣解析度4公里。之後,又成功發射了風雲二號氣象衛星。
氣象衛星
發表於 8-12-2010 16:14:11 | 顯示全部樓層
本帖最後由 VR2UIO 於 8-12-2010 04:22 PM 編輯

Partial image from NOAA19 on 2010 Dec 08 at 13:28

NOAA19_2010_12_08_1328.jpg

NOAA19_2010_12_08.jpg
發表於 26-12-2010 22:51:13 | 顯示全部樓層
VR2UIO 在東莞用手持機接收 NOAA-18 氣象衛星訊息
IMG_0167.JPG
發表於 11-1-2011 13:38:39 | 顯示全部樓層
2011 Jan 01 元旦日 接收到 NOAA-19, NOAA-18, NOAA-15 氣象衛星訊號,
可以看見本港及鄰近地區的氣象變化。

NOAA_Time_Table.jpg

2011_01_01_NOAA_Set_Up.JPG

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